January

1/31/2023.  
I was able to go visit @SWOC swim/dive meet at Miami Rec last Sat, my goal was watching diving. To be honest, I cannot follow swimming races from the bleachers since I’m not so familiar with systems. (It’s too far to watch.)  (Forgive me, THS swimmers.) However I still can enjoy watching “diving” even though I have no idea about scoring systems. I still could say how beautiful it is, how smooth it is, how much brave they are, so on. It’s a fantastic performance and it’s just like dancing. That’s my thought. And I love watching it. (Congratulations to all of THS swimmers/divers on your great accomplishment.)
Then it made me think about the difference of “how to learn swimming” between Japan and US. It’s quite different.
In Japan, all elementary schools have school pools. They have swimming classes as one of PE activities. (This might be a “wow” part.) Elementary schools don’t have PE teachers(!) that means Elementary (classroom) teachers have to teach kids “how to swim” and make them swim!! Interesting, isn’t it?  
I found a very interesting video as well. It says “Samurai swimming” in Japan. I didn’t know much about it until now. 
https://youtu.be/P7hXOVOm4jQ

What I do know is: most of people in Japan can swim because of the school swimming curriculum. However there is no teaching ”treading” at all. How about that?
Then I need to confess. I can swim; freestyle, breaststroke, backstroke, mimic-butterfly. However I cannot do tread water. Strange? My husband and son always tease me. I need to keep “swimming”/moving in the water more than 5ft-deep because I can’t stay in the same spot treading.  But I still can say I could help someone in the water swimming to the shore or poolside, I believe so. Let’s believe.

1/30/2023.  
Every once in a while, I become eager to “take a library shelving test”. Funny?  Are you familiar with this kind of test? I should make my son try to take it. It’d be interesting.  
Here are some examples.  If you need to see answers, try to go to the links below.  
#Which books fit under the 600s category?  
A.   Computer Science, Information & General Works  
B.   Science  
C.   Technology  
D.   Philosophy & Psychology.

#Which book will you find under the 900s category?  
A.   History & Geography.
B.   Religion  
C.   Social Sciences  
D.   Philosophy and Psychology

#Books are sorted first by the author's last name. When two authors have the same last name, put their first names in order, and when one author has multiple books, put the titles in order.  
A. True  
B. False

#Numbers come after letters.  
A. True  
B. False

#ALA means.
A. All Library Association  
B. Association of Libraries in America  
C. African Library Association  
D. American Library Association

#Ecology is the study of. 
A. Interrelationship of Living organisms and their environment  
B. Plants and living things  
C. Organisms and Plants  
D. Animals and Plants

#ISBN means.
A. International Serial Book Number  
B. International Standard Book Number  
C. International  Series Book Number  
D. Internal Series Standard Books

It's too easy for you, is it?

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=library-shelving-test

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=Nzg4NTk346EP&user_name=I&utm_source=quiz_result_page&utm_medium=retake_button_click&utm_campaign=retake_button_cicks_scored_quiz_result_pages

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=mjg4nzawng2l5j

1/29/2023.  Random topic. 
My husband recently introduced me about the show "Penn&Teller. Fool us" and I'm just loving it. You all must know about this show because it says now "season 9". Love Alyson Hannigan the perfect host of the show!!
https://pennandteller.com/
My most favorite skit(?) of them is one from SNL in 1986!! Have you seen it before? I LOOOVE IT!

1/28/2023.

1/27/2023.  
In honor of THS Mock teams’ advancing to the regionals, (they won at the district trials. Wooo hooooo!) here are something about high school Mock trial from my own perspective.   
Because I’m originally from Japan, I’m not so familiar with US trial system even though I watched many US movies with trail/lawyer settings. (I love the movie “I am Sam” which has a court scene in it. And I know the movie “A Time to kill (1996)” “A Civil Action (1998)” as well.)  
At first I had no idea about High school Mock trial team, how they practice, how they compete, how they solve the case, how they compete from the both sides. 

Wait, how much do people know about court system, frankly? Maybe I am the one who don’t know much.  
If you are interested in 2023 Ohio Mock trial case. Here is the video. 
https://youtu.be/I5nSF6loRNc

I love this description about Ohio Mock Trial. (Below is the link.)   
—————  
Each Ohio Mock Trial team consists of five to eleven students who assume the roles of attorneys and witnesses to present both sides of an original, unscripted case based on an important constitutional issue. At the district and regional levels of competition, each team competes in two trials against opposing teams. Teams must win both trials, or the majority of their judges’ ballots, to advance to the next level of competition. More than 1,000 legal professionals serve as volunteer judges, competition coordinators, and team advisors. Ohio Mock Trial is Ohio’s largest high school academic competition and among the largest high school mock trial programs in the natio. 
——————  
http://www.oclre.org/aws/OCLRE/pt/sd/news_article/486612/_PARENT/layout_details/false  

When I was a Middle School library assistant, I was lucky and fortunate to go to their trials to watch them compete with my own eyes. I rode on a bus with them, too. I witnessed the whole process and it meant a lot to me to understand their huge commitment and accomplishment.   
This year, I’m an outsider (no school employee) and won’t keep up and follow school stuffs in a timely manner, not at all. I wanted to keep cheering on them, however it got a bit faded because they don’t know me much anymore. Besides I cannot discuss about the actual case with them, no way. So there was dilemma feeling in my mind.  
But I expressed my “exciting feelings” to the awesome Coach before the district trial day. Yes! I gave her “Lily of the Incas” (do you remember? I’m now so obsessed with Lily of the Incas.) sending a tiny cheer.   
I didn’t expect any direct response from the crews (attorneys and witnesses!) not at all especially today (the trial day!). They stopped by my house! to inform me their wins and going to the Regionals (2/17). It’s such a special bonding they are still giving me, I’m really honored. Congratulations to THS Mock crews and awesome coaches!!! Thanks to you all, I can still get a chance to “feel myself as your cheerleader” here in my house. Cheers to brave attorneys! 
(photos;  yes!! I kept some for me in my house. Lily of the Incas. Thinking of them.)

1/27/2023.  
Miami university has a library, King library. I've not used this library much before. But I visited there several times and noticed that they have some educational materials in Japanese. It's quite interesting.  I stopped by today and as soon as I saw book shelves with call-numbers-labels, my face was lightened up!!! I think I'm the only person who can do happy dance at the aisle between book shelves. It's my happy place = library. 

1/26/2023.  
There is a framed newspaper article on the wall in my husband's office. I just photographed it because I felt it was a nice interview back then in 2018.  Then I found the website "original article" as well. You might be curious about my husband's research and Tribolium.  
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/26/science/insect-wing-evolution.html

or here.  
https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/content/667988/of-insects-their-wings.html

1/25/2023.  
I started to check news about Paralympics games. Next one will happen in Paris in 2024!  
https://www.paralympic.org/paris-2024  
Then I found this video. It says;   
French choreographer Sadeck Waff created this powerful tribute to the Paralympic values, illustrated by his troupe of 128 dancers. Able-bodied and disabled people alike move in harmony and without barriers:
I can keep watching it again and again. It's so so powerful and I Love the idea so much. Do you like it??

1/23/2023.  
My husband and I went out driving 40 min away after snow arrived in this area. The roads were fine. The parking lot was ok. But most of sidewalks were not cleared for wheelchair-ing. We get through anyway. Our son still has a cheerful spirit even he is 20 years old, because he built a fabulous snowman in our backyard while we were out. Love the spirit very much! 
Oh, did you know that Japanese snowman is made with 2 big snowballs instead of 3 snowballs??  
https://curalife.com/blogs/blog/the-snowman-a-holiday-history-and-international-phenomenon

Entry#111.   1/22/2023.  
Once you get back into swing of things, usually you can keep the paces and routines in your daily life. And you’d feel good and motivated. You don’t need to get hustled for new challenges often, for daily routine. My husband’s SCI life, paraplegic life seems not so simple. Well, he went back to teach and research. Things are moving forward and he manages most of the things as much as he imagined. We have daily routines (morning/evening routines) which have worked well so far. Then more information hit me telling me “there are more things my husband could do for better quality of life.”  Yes, better quality of life!!  Would I suggest more challenging stuffs to my husband when things are working smoothly?? Especially when his life with teaching/researching got busier than we imagined, adding new stuff to daily routine would be frustrating and uncomfortable. My mind is still busy to think about these things.   
For example; toilet to wheelchair transfer.  
My husband doesn’t need to transfer to toilet (seat) at all because he uses a catheter.  Does he still need a skill to transfer to toilet? In my mind, just in case, it would be useful if he can transfer to toilet by himself, just in case. So I’d love to have practice times with him for that movement. Just only his daily life is too busy, too busy.  If I were his real occupational therapist, the approach could be different. My husband does his best to live each day, everyday, that’s really true. So I keep using my brain anyway to think about things around us.  I attached two videos about “toilet to wheelchair transfer” in case you are curious. It will be all different because of toilet settings each house, each places. I just believe that this movement could be useful for some situations. I should try this movement by myself, I should. Don’t you think? 

1/22/2023.  
We got SNOW!!! I didn't expect it, in fact, so I was excited seeing white world in this morning. Because SNOW means "my husband will be able to get a chance to sit-ski!" On the other hand, my mind got mixed feelings as well. SNOW means "my husband might have to be stuck inside a house" because of the road/sidewalk conditions. You see dilemma and frustration? Anyway I had a morning "workout", shoveling my long driveway. It's always a great exercise, with nice sweating. Do you think I need to get a snowplow sometime? 

1/21/2023.  
My husband and son always have fun building/making something, something related to sports/workouts. They amaze me all the time. (Sometimes my eyes just kept wide-opening with shock.) This time, my son used concrete and made two 40lb kettlebells!! instead purchasing store-items. He looked so proud of it. He weighed them and it said exact 40lb!! 

And yes, I needed to test out them by myself. Wait, how am I supposed to use them for workouts??

"Wings" updates:   
My veterinarian friend had a conference in Orlando, Florida. Cool wings!

Columbus, Indiana (left) My driveway (right) 2020 fall.

Liberty center, Ohio 2019 spring (left) 2019 summer (right)

1/19/2023.  
Right after my husband's fall-accident at RRG, I got many help from many friends and people. Most of my close friends told me "You might not be good at asking people for help, but this is the time!". So I did lean on them, especially for commuting between Oxford and Lexington, 2 hours driving for one way. I had 7 ladies as "my driver", asked them to pick me up or drop me off. Thinking back about this my request, I felt a guilty because this was really big task to ask. I was in a passenger seat with my driver-lady for 2 hours, but my friends drove for 4 hours totall for me. In fact, I can't do it if I would be asked under the similar situation from a close friend...... (I'm bad. I'm bad at driving.) On the other hand, I felt so thankful and was glad that I got these extra special times with them in their cars for each 2 hours long. I cannot say thank you enough to them really. Thank you!!! 
In these days, we are living on our daily routines and we are all busy. It's all good for all of us. But sometimes miss seeing friends. Once my veterinarian friend told me "cherish what we got right now, as much as we can." Made me smile. 
Last night was one of those times. I visited a wonderful custom cake shop in Hamilton to see an awesome friend/worker (she has 4 gorgeous daughters) with a professor-friend (she has a singer-daughter and a drummer-son). (Yes, she drove me there.) Yes, these two ladies were my drivers at that time, back then. It was such a nice catching up time indeed. 
photo#3: from 2019. 

1/17/2023.  
Murals in towns, any types of murals, attract me all the sudden. I love them. In these days, I cannot leave the place without taking a photo of “wings” if I see them. There is one pair at Liberty center. However I still haven’t figured out “which pose is the most effective” for showing off the beauty. My husband pointed out the artist “Kelsey Montague” and found her website. I learned there were many her creation-murals all over the world! How wonderful!  
Here is "world map" of her murals. 

https://kelseymontagueart.com/world-map/

Then it made me think of something. What if my friends could share a photo of them with those murals? If you find it and take a photo of you with a mural, will you send it to me? Can I share it on here my blog page? That’d be so awesome since I cannot visit far places easily. 

How about Omaha, NE? (Kansas friends? Maybe when you visit Omaha zoo?) 

How about Boston, MA? (I have a friend who lives in Boston!!)

How about Ann Arbor, MI? 

How about Indianapolis, IN? (professor?)

How about Milwaukee, WI? (They have Peacock wings!!)

How about Melbourne, Australia? (Anyone have a travel plan to Australia??) 

Street arts are wonderful. They make me smile and brighten up my day. 
I need a photo of my husband with wings.

Entry#110. 1/16/2023.  
Let’s celebrate my husband and his “crews”!! Wooooo hooooo.  Their research paper was published officially on January 8, 2023!  

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jez.b.23188?fbclid=IwAR1mKA9voc93Yg8vGmSkVOHKtH0-sTcN3_Ve_6hmHQGoieGNww7QUiiiivg

It’s so exciting and I’m happy all the time when his papers come out to the world. I'm not one of the “insiders”, I’m just a tiny cheerleader but I do know how much they have worked on and it’s hard/heavy work to publish it. I’m so proud of him. I’m also proud of him facing new challenge with new lifestyle. It’s still complicated and not so simple. We do hard things slowly together. Yes, we do.  
I put several photos on here to look back his roots of “tribolium” research.  

It all started here, Manhattan, KS. KSU. With wonderful wonderful researcher friends.

One time, my husband taught our son "how to take care of Tribolium".

Pinning insects is a very essential skill. (Even though it's not related with Tribolium. But my husband is really into "wings", any type of wings.) Curious?  

1/15/2023.  
My husband and I visit Wyoming Community Coffee sometimes. We love their coffee just we do Kofenya's coffee. Then there was a wonderful coincidence there. (Again!) I met the wonderful book author who used to live in Oxford. It was nice to see her with her daughter again. Felt so lucky.

1/14/2023.  
P.S.  Video#1: Now our son got a motivation for mimicking this super cool guy. 
Video#2:  I believe I caught your curiosity if you watch these "FAILS". 
Yes, this is "Bike rollers"!! 

1/14/2023. 
I didn't know there was a roller-thing for the winter cycling training. My husband and son got it and they were so pleased to try it. It's a very basic style for a bicycle but they did adjust it for a handcycle. Now my husband got excited that he could add more mileage for his handcycling in the winter. 
Me, I'm a lot scared to try using this roller for now. We will see how I can manage it for myself. Hmmm

1/13/2023.   
I love Broadway musical shows, musical movies, and any kind of dance performances including marching bands/ drum corps. I am the only one person in my family (3 of us) who loves that kind of performance shows. So naturally I don’t talk about it to my husband and son. Funny. In Japan there is a big musical theater company named Shiki theater company. https://www.shiki.jp/en/

They perform many big Broadway shows like Lion king, Cats, Frozen, Wicked so on, in Japanese. Sometimes I love the English versions more. I prefer to watch US shows.  
Here are songs in Japanese. You might be interested in listening to them.(The first one isn’t from the Broadway show, though.) 

I’ve never been to NYC. I know several scenes from movies. One time I discovered about The Radio City  Rockettes. I fell in love with their performances. Do you know them?   

https://www.rockettes.com/

Then you would get excited more if you found their name on your favorite fiction book (it was in “Mistletoe Promise”). You know? They have a very competitive audition (of course). And I believe I would have had no chance because of my height. They have to be same heights = same silhouette = perfect performances! What a professional production.  
I’d love to watch their famous “Wooden soldier Fall”!!! 

Entry#109.  1/12/2023.   
In this winter, after the severe coldness (winter storm) came, the temperature is mild and no snow on the road now. It’s all good for my husband body system and his daily wheelchair. We don’t need to worry too much about it. Snow-covered roads are very tricky to my husband for moving around in wheelchair. Biking on snow roads is similar situation. (I want to ask Real cyclists in the world. You don’t bike on snow roads, do you?)   
On the other hand, you might laugh, in 2 weeks I’ve felt “Nature is sometimes not so kind and not so helpful.” Funny. I’m pretty sure I am selfish. Because we need good amount of snow to ski, I mean we want to ski eagerly, especially my husband. He has been ready since last winter season. Some body system complication took a chance away last winter. Then we are ready now to ski. However not enough snow at the ski slopes for the-very-first-try “sit-skier”. I yell at the sky “WE. NEED. SNOW!!!” Funny. We will see if we get a chance to ski in February. 

photo1: In summer 2019, that year’s Father-Son trip was epic indeed. They carried ski sets and walked up to the mountain and skied down. 

photo2: Our son is a kind of “solo” skier driving down to the Perfect North slope alone. But seems he still had a good time. 

1/11/2023.  
In Japan, we have a tradition about New Year’s Card “Nengajo” 年賀状(ねんがじょう). It’s always related with Chinese zodiac (animal symbols). You would be surprised that every single Japanese person knows their “own animal”. (Wait, do you know your animals here in US? Maybe you do?) My husband and I were born in the year of the Ox. Our son was born in the year of the Horse. I can tell about my parents’ animals as well. (dad: Snake, mom: Monkey) Then amazingly everyone in Japan could answer the question of “What year is 2023 in Chinese zodiac?” (I believe it’d be the same in Chine.)  
It’s Year of the Rabbit in 2023. My mother draws Chinese zodiac animal in her New Year’s card every year. Many people do the same, like putting Chinese zodiac animal design in the greeting cards. My mother’s design is always her original and hand drawn/painted. I love it very much. 

Only Japanese people could notice that my mother used the shape of 卯 (this character means rabbit.) for creating rabbit drawing. Do you see it? 

Do you know "How 12 Chinese zodiac animals have been chosen"?? There is an interesting difference between Chinese tale and Japanese tale. You'd enjoy it, you just need to watch both videos. Seems Cat is always the key character.

1/10/2023.  
How does my husband do "wheelchair to handcycle transfer"? Can you guess? Each individual paraplegic person does different ways for the transfer. Plus there are several types of handcycle. Seating and gear-system are different. I attached a video so that you can understand at least one of transfer styles. It is tricky. 

1/09/2023.  
In these days, I sometimes think of my teacher-friends and their safety (including students’ safety as well). In some situations, we all need to protect ourselves and do self-defense. Then I feel some fear about the safety of wheelchair users because I have no idea how they protect themselves or how I can protect my husband if necessary. Can you imagine that? What if somebody attacks him? What do I do? What can he do? I have to make an action anyway. Just I need simulation exercise. There are more things to learn, for sure. I still need to know about our evacuation in case of fire in the big building. Get 3 or 4 muscular male persons, carry whole wheelchair + my husband, use stairs to go outside?  Or just wait for the rescuers arrive? My brain is still processing. It’s so hard to think about these stuffs. 

1/08/2023.  
I started using Facebook frequently in 2008 when I moved to Oxford, OH with my husband and son. I used to post foods-photos often. It's a bit funny to me now looking back those photos because they don't look so good. (Just because of my photography skills. It’s not a food channel at all.) But they are still good memories on Facebook to myself.  
Here I am, now I use a different “medium” to express myself, write my thoughts and share inner-myself. My Facebook usages fade. I’ve enjoyed this change by myself. 

Every time I find “Yamaimo” (nagaimo) at an Asian grocery store, I grab it quickly. I love it and so as my husband and son. Yamaimo is Japanese mountain yam, also known as nagaimo, Korean yam, or Chinese yam. Have you tried to taste it before? I’m not so sure if my American friends are fond of it. Hmmm (You know? I believe my Asian friends would like it. Hmm)  I made Yamakake-soba (=Tororo-soba). It was scrumptious indeed.  
Here is an article about it if you are curious. I attached a YouTube video.
https://bebeloveokazu.wordpress.com/2010/03/29/cold-hiyashi-yamakake-soba/

The last photo: Yamakake-don. Everything was served in bowls that my son made!!! I love our meal time more than ever because of his bowls, I do! 

1/07/2023. 
Apron news updates: Now I have another cute apron thanks to my wonderful friend who is a professor and mother of 3.  She sewed another apron quickly and delivered it to my house. I was so excited and happy that I asked my son to be in a same photo with me. It worked. 

1/06/2023. 
LOOK!!! what I got by snail mail today! Do you see the postmark?  So cool that it's from Antarctica. 
https://www.polartrec.com/expeditions/microbial-interactions-in-antarctic-lakes/journals/2022-12-11

I'm so grateful for having a researcher-friend near me, really.

Entry#108. 1/06/2023. 
I used to bike in Japan to commute to high school and college. But it was a very casual ride and nothing fancy/details. Because I jumped into a bike shop asking to fix a flat tire when I got a tire puncture on the road (and paid for it). Even I never cleaned chains and gears. I sound so awful indeed. 
Well, I'm a bit better now thanks to my husband and son. At least I can remove a wheel from a frame, remove a tube and patch a hole. Whew, it's a tiny part of "a real bike maintenance". 
When I ride a bicycle, I don't so worry about flat tire (tire puncture) and I even don't keep a spare tube and a patch kit with myself during biking. Because, because, you know, I can "push" my bicycle and "walk" to home or some places. I now know that's a so amateur thinking. Bad preparation. That was an old me. 
Now things are a little bit "serious", I mean, imagine this. What if my husband's handcycle's tire gets punctured on the road, what would you do?  
1: I cannot push him on a handcycle to a bike shop or home. Because tire/tube (and more) will be messed up. 
2: If luckily I carry a patch kit with me, if I want to fix it, my husband needs his wheelchair (basically) while I do fix it. However usually we don't carry his wheelchair with us during biking. 
3: Our plan is always: I bike back home and get our van and his wheelchair. I drive back to the place he was stuck with punctured handcycle. And get him and take everything home. 
However, do you see a problem in this plan?  This would work only if we are on city road. If it's on bike trails, our van cannot access and reach to a certain spot. 
Well, so we carry a kind of risk every time we go biking/handcycling. Hmmmm, I need to simulate more and be prepare more. 
Also, I need to learn types of wheels, tires, tubes and more. Wheelchair's tires could get punctured, of course. 

1/05/2023 
I'm getting familiar with these stuffs. I need more practices using these for sure. 

Entry#107. 1/04/2023.  
I was invited for a tea-chatting from my wonderful runner-friend who is a stylish high school English teacher. She has two artistic daughters, one lives in NYC and the other goes to a college in Athens. I think back about our first connection. I guess it was high/middle school Cross country when my son was in 7th grade. Since then, I discovered more and more about this wonderful lady year after year. We did trail running together. We ran at the same 5K races, she always beat me. When I learned that she was a trombonist, I was astonished and impressed. She played in high school jazz band with her daughter together. That was so cool to see mother-daughter jazz moments. She took me to watch high school mock trial competition at Butler County Common Pleas Court. Her younger daughter was a fantastic attorney in the team. I witnessed the “real” trial with my own eyes and it was unforgettable to myself. Back to our tea-chatting gathering. It was so welcoming and they all had a knitting projects on their laps. Tea was ready in a beautiful kettle and some sweet goodies were sitting beside perfectly. We chatted having tea and brownies while they were knitting. The view from my position was so wonderful. I so enjoyed listening to young ladies about their lifestyle, jobs, future plans and travels overseas. I was super thankful and grateful that they shared their stories without any hesitation. Their enthusiasm and vitality came through their bodies and they were so shining brightly. You know, I have only one son, I am sometimes jealous about “experiences with daughters”. It was more enjoyable seeing “daughters’ lives.” After I was home, I took photos of my mother’s handmade scarves and my Kansas friend’s handmade “prayer’s shawl” because I wanted to show them to knitter-ladies.One of them said “There is knitting addiction and also yarn addiction.” That was a very interesting fun phrase to me. I wished I could have our gathering time continued forever. It was that much satisfying. 

Entry#106. 1/03/2023.   
Some of my friends asked me “Has he tried swimming yet?” That’s a good question actually. I am really interested in swimming for paraplegic. However my husband hasn’t done it yet.  Key word is “buoyancy”. 

https://rehabpub.com/conditions/neurological/scoliosis/aquatic-therapy-spinal-cord-injury-2/

The article says; Buoyancy allows weak muscles to activate more efficiently and through a greater range of motion by providing support without the restrictions of harnesses, mobile arm supports, and other equipment that may be used in the gym setting.

This is a 2019 article, but there are many good sources in there. I like it very much. It sounds there are many good impacts, good effects for SCI body from swimming. I’d love to give this opportunity to my husband. Only our concern is, always, “how to get in and out the swimming pool”. We have to know about that part in advance. 

This is also on my wishlist. We will see when we can get an opportunity in future. 

1/02/2023. 
My husband and son have a DIY project "building a standing frame for paraplegic". We went shopping at Lowe's. It takes more time to stay there than I imagine, always. And they look having fun always. Then they handed a 5 ft PVC pipe to me. I always tell people "my height is 5 ft", you know? Well, they proudly said "That's a lie" looking at me holding a pipe. We laughed.